Johannes Alvarez Manusama (17 August 1910 – 29 December 1995) was a former schoolteacher and freemason, RMS Minister of Education and Minister of Defence (1950), was the third president of the

Republic of South Moluccas South Maluku, also South Moluccas, officially the Republic of South Maluku, was an unrecognised secessionist republic that claimed the islands of Ambon, Buru, and Seram, which make up the Indonesian province of Maluku. Dutch conquest exerte ...

(1966–1993). His father was South Moluccan, while his mother was

Indo Indo may refer to: * Indo-, a prefix indicating India or the Indian Subcontinent * Indonesia, a country in Asia ** INDO LINES, callsign of Indonesian Airlines ** Indo people, people of mixed European and Indonesian ancestry ** Indo cuisine, fusion ...

. After briefly administering the aspirant state in the territory of the Moluccas, Manusama lived the rest of his life advocating independence and heading a

government in exile A government in exile (abbreviated as GiE) is a political group that claims to be a country or semi-sovereign state's legitimate government, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in a foreign country. Governments in exile us ...

in the Netherlands. During his time, he hosted a regular radio show, "Voice of the Moluccas" and entered the

Republic of South Maluku South Maluku, also South Moluccas, officially the Republic of South Maluku, was an unrecognised secessionist republic that claimed the islands of Ambon, Buru, and Seram, which make up the Indonesian province of Maluku. Dutch conquest exerte ...

into the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation.

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* 20th-century Dutch engineers 1910 births 1995 deaths Dutch people of Indonesian descent Dutch people of Moluccan descent Indo people Moluccan independence activists Moluccan people People from South Kalimantan Presidents of the Republic of South Maluku {{Indonesia-politician-stub